Overview

Canada’s Constitution grants both the federal and provincial/territorial governments the authority to manage immigration.

The Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) allows provinces and territories (except Quebec and Nunavut) to nominate individuals who wish to immigrate and settle in a specific region. Quebec, instead, has its own selection process for economic immigration.

The PNP was introduced in 1998 to encourage a more even distribution of immigrants across Canada. Before its launch, most newcomers settled in Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia. Since then, the PNP has helped attract more immigrants to the Prairie provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba) and Atlantic provinces (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador).

Each PNP includes at least one stream linked to the federal Express Entry system. These enhanced nominations grant candidates an additional 600 Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) points, ensuring they receive an invitation for permanent residence. They also benefit from faster processing—typically within six months. Alternatively, applicants can apply through base streams, where they first secure a provincial nomination and then apply for permanent residence through the federal government.